

The first action took place even before the armistice between France and Germany went into force. It was a small-scale affair against Boulogne on June 23rd. The second attempt against Guernesay was not a resounding success either: it met no enemies !
Norway gave the commandos the occasion to bear influence on the course of the war. On March 3, 1941, 500 British commandos landed on the practically undefended Lofoten Islands. They destroyed several whale oil factories and brought "Quislings" (Norwegians helping the Germans) into captivity. Like most commando operations, the one in the Lofoten inflicted only limited direct damages, but the psychological outcome was out of proportion with the means committed. It fostered resistance on the continent and induced the enemy to make mistakes.
Vaagsö was still more so. By landing and occupying for several hours the island in December of 1941, the British proved the vulnerability of the Norwegian coast. Hitler rounded up dozen of thousands of soldiers and sent them to the area at a time when the Wehrmacht was in trouble in front of Moscow. He remained convinced until the end of the war that Norway was of strategic importance. Divisions upon divisions stayed there, waiting for an invasion that never came.
Outside a small-scale affair in the Glomfjord in September, Norway is no more a place for the commandos in 1942. France took over as the main area of operations. The first one is performed by parachutistes, against the radar station at Bruneval. The men were evacuated by sea afterwards. The most spectacular action is, without doubt, Saint Nazaire on March 28th. The drydock able to entertain the Tirpitz was destroyed but the losses on the British sidde were horrendous.
The last commando operation was the largest too. Although most of the troops engaged against Dieppe were not commandos, the philosophy was that of a commando action: to strike fast and retire before the enemy could react. Unfortunately, it did not turn out like that. The enemy was ready and the losses far exceeded the gains.
No other major commando operations would be launched until the end of the war. The crack men went on fighting but only in the frame of classical landings or land battles.
NB: the attack against Bordeaux in September of 1942 (Operation Frankton) is not really a commando operation but an attack of the ships in the harbour with explosive conoes.